By isolating the influences of meteorological conditions and footprint regions in polluted episodes, we found that regional emission controls on average reduced PM levels by 44–45 %, and the reductions were close among SIA, SOA and POA at 260 m, whereas primary species showed relatively more reductions (55–67 %) than secondary aerosol species (33–44 %) at ground level. Our results demonstrated that the changes in meteorological conditions and PM loadings have affected SOA formation mechanisms, and the photochemical production of fresh SOA was more important during the control period. While the more oxidized SOA showed a large decrease by 75 %, the less oxidized SOA was comparable during (5.6 µg m −3) and after the control periods (6.5 µg m −3). However, we also observed significant changes in SOA composition at ground level. Positive matrix factorization of OA further illustrated that primary OA (POA) showed similar decreases as secondary OA (SOA) at both ground level (40 % vs. 1, 2015 10:17 AM PT China’s military modernization and expansion will be on display as the country marks the 70th anniversary of the end of World War II in Asia with a major parade in Beijing. This distinct event provides an excellent opportunity for investigating the impact of such measures on the chemical properties of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 2.5 m (PM 2.5 ).
Organic aerosols (OAs) dominated PM 1 during the control period at both ground level and 260 m (55 and 53 %, respectively), while their contribution showed substantial decreases (∼ 40 %) associated with an increase in secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs) after the parade, indicating a larger impact of emission controls on SIA than OA. Strict pollution control measures have been carried out in Beijing prior to and during the 2015 China Victory Day Parade in order to improve air quality.
Our results showed that the average PM 1 concentrations are 19.3 and 14.8 µg m −3 at ground level and 260 m, respectively, during the control period (20 August–3 September), which are 57 and 50 % lower than those after the control period (4–30 September). Here, we conducted synchronous measurements of submicron aerosols (PM 1) at ground level and 260 m on a meteorological tower by using a high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and an aerosol chemical speciation monitor, respectively, in Beijing from 22 August to 30 September. Strict emission controls were implemented in Beijing and adjacent provinces to ensure good air quality during the 2015 China Victory Day parade. Until 1997, this event was celebrated with a public holiday on 30 August called Liberation Day.Abstract. Those who work in outsourced government public services will get a day off in lieu of Victory Day - as long as they take it within 60 days.Īt the end of World War II, Hong Kong was handed over by the Imperial Japanese Army to the Royal Navy on 30 August 1945. Hong Kongįollowing the announcement of Victory Day in China, Victory Day was declared a holiday in Hong Kong. Japan signed the formal surrender on 2 September 1945 and China commemorates Victory day on the day after.Ī military parade will be held to mark the event, which is the first time that China has held a special parade to commemorate the victory in World War II.
#China victory day parade 2015 full
The full title of the holiday is 'The 70th anniversary of Chinese People's Anti-Japanese War and the World Anti-Fascist War Victory Commemoration Day', which is how the second world war is referred to in China. 1,018,521 views This is the parade on Moscows Red Square devoted to the 70th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War. It is currently unclear whether this will be a one-off holiday to mark the 70th anniversary or if it will be repeated annually.
The notice about the announcement states "The move aims to allow people around the country to participate in activities to commemorate China’s victory in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War".īeijing had earlier announced plans for a large military parade on the day, and in 2014, this holiday was given national holiday status. MOSCOW The Russian version of Hitler’s defeat emphasizes the enormous, unrivaled sacrifices made by the Soviet people to end World War II, so the country has long staged a colossal. The Chinese State Council unexpectedly announced this national holiday in May 2015. Victory Day marks the 70th anniversary of the victory against Japan in World War II. The People's Republic of China (PRC) observes Victory Day on 3 September.
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